# 基础环境运维索引

#### 容器概述

通过使用容器技术，将操作系统、应用程序全部打包为独立可执行镜像，镜像存储在镜像仓库，服务升级后，采取一个新的tag来标签区别镜像的版本。镜像包括了可以完整运行应用程序需要的操作系统环境、中间件环境，只需要一个脚本就启动一个应用程序，完美解决了应用程序微服务后，安装部署运维难的问题。借助容器编排技术，让基于脚本，可视化一键启动、关停一个、一组服务变得更简洁。通过流水线串联并驱动整个应用程序的开发周期，包括源代码的编译、镜像打包、自动部署和升级（开发环境、测试环境、生产环境）、自动化测试、以及运维阶段的告警、自动扩容。



下图为一个典型的安装部署架构，底层iaas提供vm虚拟化支持，通过基础容器平台与容器编排平台提供自动化部署，对一些标准的组件进行快速部署，对业务系统进行安装部署支持。

**本文采用的容器引擎为docker,容器编排工具为k8s,编排可视化为rancher**

[![](https://iovhm.com/book/uploads/images/gallery/2023-12/scaled-1680-/lKLCbyTehksVHReu-image-1701775165366.png)](https://iovhm.com/book/uploads/images/gallery/2023-12/lKLCbyTehksVHReu-image-1701775165366.png)



#### 安装部署docker


[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/docker](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/docker)



#### 安装部署k8s



根据情况，选择最合适你的版本，本文推荐使用最新版，但是经过实践，v1.20.15为最稳定版本



v1.20.15版： [https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/k8s-v12015](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/k8s-v12015)



v1.28.0版：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/k8s-v1280](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/k8s-v1280)



k8s官方帮助：[https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/setup/](https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/setup/)




#### 安装容器编排可视化工具rancher



[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher)



rancher与k8s之间有版本匹配关系，对于v1.20.15版本的k8s，可以支持的rancher版本为v2.5.17,对于更新版本的k8s支持版本为v2.7.9



rancher与k8s的版本对应：[https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/rancher-v2-7-9/](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/rancher-v2-7-9/)



rancher发布页：[https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases)

rancher官方帮助：[https://ranchermanager.docs.rancher.com/zh/](https://ranchermanager.docs.rancher.com/zh/)

#### 使用容器编排工具docker-compose

[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/docker-compose](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/docker-compose)

#### 安装nfs网络共享



[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/nfs](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/nfs)



#### rancher使用手册



v2.5.17版本操作手册：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher-2515](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher-2515)



v2.7.9版本操作手册：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher27](https://iovhm.com/book/books/k8s/page/rancher28)



#### 中间件自动化安装脚本

由于中间件需要持久化数据，对数据的一致性有比较高的要求，中间件不建议直接部署在k8s环境，而建议使用docker-compose运行。



- mysql：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/mysql](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/mysql)

- nginx：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/nginx](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/nginx)

- minio：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/miniodocker-compose](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/minio)

- redis：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/redis](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/redis)

- postgreSQL：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/repmgrpostgresql](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/repmgrpostgresql)

- mongodb：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/docker-composemogodb](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/mogodb)

- nexus：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/docker-compose-nexus](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/nexus)

- rabbitMQ：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/docker-composerabbitmq](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/rabbitmq)

- elasticsearch：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/elasticsearch](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/elasticsearch)

  

#### 其他实用性工具

- 科学上网：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/4734b](https://iovhm.com/book/books/cee63/page/0a09c)

- 在线文章发布网站应用：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/bookstack](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/bookstack)

- 端口转发：[https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/klipper](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/klipperproxy)

- pritunl-vpn：[pritunl-vpn](https://iovhm.com/book/books/42e7a/page/pritunl-vpn)